Bisanadi National Reserve

Bisanadi National Reserve: A Wild Frontier in Kenya

Bisanadi National Reserve, established in 1979, is a vast and untamed wilderness located in Isiolo County, northern Kenya. Spanning approximately 606 square kilometers, it’s a critical component of the larger Meru Conservation Area, acting as a vital wildlife dispersal area for the adjacent Meru National Park, Kora National Park, and Mwingi National Reserve. This interconnected system forms one of Kenya’s largest and most authentic wilderness experiences.

A Land of Diverse Landscapes

Bisanadi’s unique charm lies in its varied ecosystems, shaped by the Tana River which winds through its heart. The reserve is characterized by:

  • Semi-arid bushland: Dominating much of the landscape, providing classic African savannah scenery.
  • Riverine vegetation: Lush green belts along the Tana and Rojewero Rivers, featuring dour palms and reeds. This creates a vibrant contrast to the drier areas.
  • Savannah grasslands, forests, swamps, and Combretum thickets: Contributing to a rich tapestry of habitats.

This diverse environment supports a wide array of wildlife and offers a true “off-the-beaten-path” safari experience for those seeking genuine wilderness.

Wildlife of Bisanadi

Bisanadi National Reserve is a treasure trove of biodiversity, offering sightings of many iconic African species. As a dispersal area for Meru, it benefits from the movements of animals from the neighboring park.

Key Wildlife Species:

  • The Big Five: African elephant, lion, leopard, African buffalo, and white rhinoceros.
  • Other Mammals: Cheetah, Grevy’s zebra (a highlight, as they are rare and mainly confined to Kenya), giraffes, elands, impalas, wildebeest, hartebeest, beisa oryx, lesser kudu, hippos, crocodiles (in the rivers), aardwolf, and mongoose.
  • Rich Avian Life: Boasting over 400 species, Bisanadi is a haven for birdwatchers. Notable sightings include malachite eagle, kingfisher, Peter’s finfoot, brown-backed pecker, and Huggins coarser.

Safari Activities and Experiences

Bisanadi’s remote and wild nature lends itself to adventurous safari activities:

  • Game Drives: The primary way to explore the reserve and spot its diverse wildlife. Early morning and late afternoon drives are ideal for optimal viewing. A 4WD vehicle is essential due to the rougher roads.
  • Bird Watching: With over 400 bird species, Bisanadi is a paradise for avian enthusiasts. The riverine areas are particularly rewarding.
  • Fishing: Anglers can enjoy fishing along the Tana River and River Rojewero. Guests are encouraged to bring their own fishing gear.
  • Boat Rides: Explore the serene waters of the Tana and Rojewero Rivers on a relaxing boat ride, offering a different perspective of the landscape and a chance to spot hippos, crocodiles, and waterbirds.
  • Wild Camping: Immerse yourself in the untamed wilderness by pitching your tent under the starry African sky. This provides an authentic and unforgettable experience.
  • Guided Walks: Expert rangers can lead captivating guided walks, especially along the Tana River, to explore the diverse bird and plant species and get up close with riverine wildlife. The dour palm groves are also a unique feature to visit.
  • Cultural Experiences: The reserve is bordered by the Meru and Boran tribes. Tourists can visit local communities to learn about their traditions, interact with them, and enjoy local dancing groups.

Accommodation

Bisanadi National Reserve is a true wilderness area, and as such, it currently has no permanent, established tourist lodges or camps within its boundaries. This contributes to its remote and untouched feel.

Accommodation Options:

  • Camping: Wild camping is available within the reserve for a truly immersive experience. Visitors need to be self-sufficient and bring all their own camping gear.
  • Lodges and Camps in Meru National Park: Most visitors choose to stay in lodges and tented camps located in the adjacent Meru National Park, which offers a range of luxurious to mid-range options. Popular choices include:
    • Elsa’s Kopje
    • Leopard Rock Safari Lodge
    • Rhino River Camp
    • Murera Springs Eco Lodge
    • Ikweta Safari Camp

Best Time to Visit

Bisanadi National Reserve can be visited year-round, but the dry season is generally recommended for optimal wildlife viewing:

  • Dry Season: June to October and December to March. During these months, the weather is milder, and animals tend to congregate around water sources, making them easier to spot.
  • Green Season (Rainy Season): While challenging due to potentially rougher roads, the rainy season (April-May and November) brings lush greenery and migratory birds.

Getting There

Bisanadi National Reserve is accessible by both road and air. Due to its remote nature, a 4WD vehicle is essential for road travel within and to the reserve.

  • By Road: The drive from Nairobi to Bisanadi takes approximately 6 to 7 hours. Travelers typically take the well-paved Thika-Meru Highway, then proceed onto rougher roads as they approach the reserve. Access is primarily through the Murera Gate of Meru National Park, which borders Bisanadi to the south.
  • By Air: For a quicker option, scheduled flights from Nairobi’s Wilson Airport land at Mulika Airstrip, located near Meru National Park. From there, visitors can arrange for transfers to Bisanadi National Reserve.

History and Significance

Bisanadi National Reserve was gazetted in September 1979. Its primary role is to serve as an important dispersal area for wildlife, allowing animals to move freely between Meru National Park and other protected areas, especially during the dry season when many species concentrate around the permanent swamps of Meru.

Historically, Bisanadi also forms the “Kinna” boundary, a traditional division between the Meru and Boran tribes. Managed by the Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS), Bisanadi National Reserve is a vital part of Kenya’s conservation efforts, preserving a large, authentic wilderness system that is crucial for biodiversity and offers a unique safari experience for the adventurous traveler.